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Corporal Thomas Henry Bidgway

Thomas Bidgway was born in Great Torrington in 1885. The 1891 census reveals some interesting information. Although the family are resident at New Street, Great Torrington, there is evidence to suggest they had lived further afield. Thomas’ father, Robert, was also born in the town, although his mother, Louisa, has her birth place listed as Sandwich, Kent. Further, the eldest son, also called Robert, was born in Gloucester, Gloucestershire. However, no record can be sourced of the 1881 census to wean further information. The remaining children, Lewis, Emma and William were all also born in Great Torrington. The head of the household has an occupation as a cabinet maker whilst the eldest four children are of school age. In the same year as this census Thomas started school at Great Torrington Council School for boys, his father is listed as the parent.

 

The 1901 census provides further information on the expanding family. Their address is now confirmed as 142 New Street, Great Torrington. Head of household, Robert, is now working as a “jobbing gardener”. He is joined in employment with his daughters Rosete, aged 18, a fabric glove machinist, and Emma, aged 14 an errand girl, as well as Thomas, now aged 16, workings as a “carter at tanyard”. The further six siblings are still of school age or below.

 

In 1902, aged 17 years, Thomas enlisted in the army with the Devonshire Regiment, 4th Battalion and being issued the Service Number: 4277. His exact attestation day is recorded as October 21st 1902. There is no further information of his years of service or where he was stationed.

 

Three years later in 1905 Thomas was married to Mary Banbury Mitchell from Langtree. They can later be found living together in Langtree Parish in the 1911 census information; the address is listed as “Stibb Cross, Langtree”. By this time the couple have two children, Albert and Frederick born in 1906 and 1910. Clearly Thomas would have left the forces by this time and his occupation is now set as a road contractor. There is evidence to show that the family had moved on from Stibb Cross between this time and the onset of the war where they are noted as living at “Skinnersland”, Bondleigh [1]

 

At the outset of the Great War Thomas would be called into action once again. Although we are unsure of his exact enlistment date, he does appear on the published Torrington Council School Roll of Honour [2], which means it would have been some time prior to July 1915. His latest enrolment had him posted with the Devonshire Regiment again, but this time with the 8th Battalion. His Service Number would be: 14709 and he held the rank of Corporal and an enlistment place of Great Torrington. It is known that the he entered France on August 12th 1915.

Battle of Loos

The 8th Battalion would not have to wait terribly long to see their first action. This would be at the Battle of Loos, which occurred between 25th September and 15th October 1915. The battle was partly seen as a sideshow diversion to the larger French attack at the Third Battle of Artois. Some suspected the terrain of the battleground that had been chosen for the attack meant it was doomed to failure from the start. The flat land provided excellent firing positions for the defending Germans. Regardless, the attack was to continue. Amongst other distinctions, the Battle of Loos would be the first time that the British would use poison gas in military operations. However, as a result of communication mix-ups and less than ideal weather and wind conditions, this would ultimately cause greater problems than the intended advantage, including the disablement of their own troops in large numbers as the still wind simply didn’t carry the payload to the intended target of the German lines. As always, the customary artillery bombardment took place before the main infantry assault.

 

There were mixed results after the first days fighting. In particular, the attack at the southern end of the line saw impressive gains. Objectives such as the village of Loos, Hill 70 and further advances beyond these waypoints were made, although these gains would later be countered by lack of supplies and the cumbersome movement of reinforcement from the reserves. However, it would be the 20th Brigade and the 8th Devons that would bear the brunt of the fighting.

 

The objective for 7th Division was the town of Hulluch, which was beyond the German frontline. From the start of the fighting, the battalions ‘on point’ for the 20th Brigade were the 2nd Gordons (formerly the 92nd Highlanders) and the 8th Devons. It would be the first time the 8th Devons would have seen this level of first hand fighting since their arrival in France. The attack was due to commence at 6.30am. Despite an automatic disadvantage of sections of wire being uncut by the earlier bombardment, they were able to make great progress. Within half an hour of the ‘off’ the 8th Devons had made it through the wire, cleared the frontline German trenches and were making gains in the support trenches beyond.   

 

The official account of the 8th Devons at the Battle of Loos continues the action:

 

“Despite the loss of most of their officers, these two units pressed on vigorously, capturing eight field guns and more prisoners; they were only checked when they reached the point where the Hulloch-Vermelles road crosses that from Lens to La Bassée. Here, well ahead of the troops on either flank and reduced to a mere handful, they came to a standstill. In support of them came up the 6th Gordons, a Territorial battalion from Banff and Donside, and some of the 9th Devons and 2nd Borderers. The bulk of the 9th Devons and Borderers halted at the gun positions where they dug in, linking up the emplacements into a continuous trench, hereafter known as Gun Trench. To this point, two battalions of the 21st Brigade, the 2nd Borderers and 2nd Wiltshires, made their way a little later.    

 

Some of the battalions had been terribly reduced. The loss in officers had been especially heavy; all but three officers of the 8th Devons fell before the front line was taken, and several other units had been little less fortunate. Moreover, the different brigades which had reached the German second line were not effectually linked up.” [3]           

 

By midday the 7th Division had reached the outskirts of Hulluch, although the momentum of the attack could not be capitalised on and they eventually ground to a halt when it was decided that further advances at this stage would be futile. They were ordered to consolidate their position.

The Battle of Loos proved costly for the 8th Devons. During operations they lost a total of 619 soldiers and a further 19 officers. This is particularly staggering bearing in mind the average strength of a battalion at the time was between 650 and 750 men in total. Included in the casualties of the first day of fighting was Corporal Bidgway, who was killed in action.  He was aged 30.  

 

Corporal Bidgway’s death was notified in the Western Times in November 1915 [4]. Due to the scale of the casualties his grave in unmarked but he is remembered at the Loos Memorial where over 20,000 soldiers have no known grave. His name is also listed on the tablet at Langtree, which was erected “in loving memory of the brave men below who made the supreme sacrifice”. What may be of particular interest is that Thomas Bidgway is also mentioned in a short poem titled “Criquet”, which was written by Martin Olsson from Bondleigh and taken from his publication “A String of Beads”. It reads [5]:

Criquet

 

On two occasions now, young cousins of Nathalie’s

have come to join us for what we laughingly call

cricket practice – one at least of them

showing inherent talent

 

and I like to think

that they may have taken home a small seed -

that in some uncertain future beyond my time

and theirs

some strange derivative of this strange game

might have taken root in a field outside

some Pas de Calais Bondleigh

 

much to the astonishment

and one hopes the comfort (though he might well question

some of the bowling action)

of one Thomas Bidgway of Skinnersland

8th Battalion Devonshire Regiment

 

who, in a certain past

before my time

‘on a bumping pitch in a blinding light

played up, played up and played the game’

on those same fields

 

and lost

Comprehensively

[1] Roundabout. September 2014 Edition. ‘Criquet.’

[2] North Devon Journal. July 8th 1915. ‘Torrington School Roll of Honour’.

[3] devonheritage.org. THE DEVONS AT LOOS - THE OFFICIAL ACCOUNT

[4] Western Times. November 2nd 1915. ‘Roll of Honour’.

[5] Roundabout. September 2014 Edition. ‘Criquet.’

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